See dwingan on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dwang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dwengen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dwing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dwinganto"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dwingnussi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gidwunganlīhho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gidwungano"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gidwunganī"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ungidwungan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "zwingen"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "zwingen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "twingen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "zwingen"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "zwingen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "dwingen"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*þwingan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þwingan"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwingan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwingan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "goh-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingist",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingemēs",
"links": [
[
"dwingemēs",
"dwingemes#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungumēs",
"links": [
[
"dwungumēs",
"dwungumes#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingant",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingēs",
"links": [
[
"dwingēs",
"dwinges#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingēst",
"links": [
[
"dwingēst",
"dwingest#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīs",
"links": [
[
"dwungīs",
"dwungis#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīst",
"links": [
[
"dwungīst",
"dwungist#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingēm",
"links": [
[
"dwingēm",
"dwingem#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīm",
"links": [
[
"dwungīm",
"dwungim#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīmēs",
"links": [
[
"dwungīmēs",
"dwungimes#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingēt",
"links": [
[
"dwingēt",
"dwinget#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīt",
"links": [
[
"dwungīt",
"dwungit#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingēn",
"links": [
[
"dwingēn",
"dwingen#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīn",
"links": [
[
"dwungīn",
"dwungin#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwing",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinganti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gidwungan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thuuingan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duuingan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuuingan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dwingan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dwingan",
"name": "goh-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dwing",
"2": "dwang",
"3": "dwung",
"4": "gidwungan",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "goh-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"constrict, tie (together)"
],
"id": "en-dwingan-goh-verb-lddS7vgJ",
"links": [
[
"constrict",
"constrict"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 28 17 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 43 15 11 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suppress, subjugate, cast down"
],
"id": "en-dwingan-goh-verb-8X6YY7rx",
"links": [
[
"suppress",
"suppress"
],
[
"subjugate",
"subjugate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 23 31 19 16 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"squeeze, compress, restrict"
],
"id": "en-dwingan-goh-verb-koASjxUl",
"links": [
[
"squeeze",
"squeeze"
],
[
"compress",
"compress"
],
[
"restrict",
"restrict"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"force, coerce"
],
"id": "en-dwingan-goh-verb-sApbtsDH",
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"coerce",
"coerce"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tame, subdue, restrain"
],
"id": "en-dwingan-goh-verb-v-SJfSyC",
"links": [
[
"tame",
"tame"
],
[
"subdue",
"subdue"
],
[
"restrain",
"restrain"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"harass"
],
"id": "en-dwingan-goh-verb-a8ly1nJa",
"links": [
[
"harass",
"harass"
]
]
}
],
"word": "dwingan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old High German class 3 strong verbs",
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dwang"
},
{
"word": "dwengen"
},
{
"word": "dwing"
},
{
"word": "dwinganto"
},
{
"word": "dwingnussi"
},
{
"word": "gidwunganlīhho"
},
{
"word": "gidwungano"
},
{
"word": "gidwunganī"
},
{
"word": "ungidwungan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "zwingen"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "zwingen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "twingen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "zwingen"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "zwingen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "dwingen"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*þwingan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þwingan"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwingan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwingan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "goh-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingist",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingemēs",
"links": [
[
"dwingemēs",
"dwingemes#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungumēs",
"links": [
[
"dwungumēs",
"dwungumes#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingant",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingēs",
"links": [
[
"dwingēs",
"dwinges#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingēst",
"links": [
[
"dwingēst",
"dwingest#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīs",
"links": [
[
"dwungīs",
"dwungis#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīst",
"links": [
[
"dwungīst",
"dwungist#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingēm",
"links": [
[
"dwingēm",
"dwingem#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīm",
"links": [
[
"dwungīm",
"dwungim#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīmēs",
"links": [
[
"dwungīmēs",
"dwungimes#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingēt",
"links": [
[
"dwingēt",
"dwinget#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīt",
"links": [
[
"dwungīt",
"dwungit#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingēn",
"links": [
[
"dwingēn",
"dwingen#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwungīn",
"links": [
[
"dwungīn",
"dwungin#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwing",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinganti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gidwungan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thuuingan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duuingan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuuingan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dwingan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dwingan",
"name": "goh-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dwing",
"2": "dwang",
"3": "dwung",
"4": "gidwungan",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "goh-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"constrict, tie (together)"
],
"links": [
[
"constrict",
"constrict"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"suppress, subjugate, cast down"
],
"links": [
[
"suppress",
"suppress"
],
[
"subjugate",
"subjugate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"squeeze, compress, restrict"
],
"links": [
[
"squeeze",
"squeeze"
],
[
"compress",
"compress"
],
[
"restrict",
"restrict"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"force, coerce"
],
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"coerce",
"coerce"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tame, subdue, restrain"
],
"links": [
[
"tame",
"tame"
],
[
"subdue",
"subdue"
],
[
"restrain",
"restrain"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"harass"
],
"links": [
[
"harass",
"harass"
]
]
}
],
"word": "dwingan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dwingan meaning in All languages combined (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.